Importance of Colorectal Cancer Screening: What You Need to Know
Colorectal cancer ranks as the third most prevalent cancer affecting both men and women across the United States, and troublingly, its incidence among individuals under 50 is on the rise, according to the National Cancer Institute.
New Screening Guidelines: A Vital Shift
In 2022, significant changes were made to colorectal cancer screening guidelines. Now, it’s recommended that individuals at average risk for colorectal cancer commence regular screenings at the age of 45.
Jeannine Pickrell, RN, Director of Disease Management & Population Health at the Defense Health Agency, emphasizes the importance, stating, “Getting regular screenings is the best way to catch colorectal cancer early, when it’s most treatable. Since colorectal cancer rates in younger people are increasing, it’s important to start getting screened as soon as you turn 45.”
Understanding Your Risk Level
The recommendation to commence screening at age 45 applies to those at average risk for colorectal cancer. However, if you fall into a high-risk category, such as having:
- Inflammatory bowel disease like Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis
- Personal or family history of colorectal cancer or polyps
- Certain genetic syndromes related to colorectal cancer
You may need to begin screenings before the age of 45. Consult your healthcare provider to determine when to commence screening and which tests are suitable for your situation.
Available Screening Options
Various screening methods exist for colorectal cancer, including colonoscopies and stool tests. Some stool tests can even be conducted at home using a kit to collect a sample and send it to a lab.
For individuals at average risk, TRICARE covers several common tests, starting at age 45, such as:
- Fecal occult blood testing: covered once every 12 months
- Fecal immunochemical testing (FIT): covered once every 12 months
- Flexible sigmoidoscopy: covered once every 5 years
- CT colonoscopies: covered once every 5 years
- Conventional colonoscopies: covered once every 10 years
If a test yields a positive or abnormal result (like FIT or a CT colonoscopy), a conventional colonoscopy may be necessary for confirmation.
Understanding Screening Costs
Costs for screenings vary based on the type of test and whether it’s conducted during a preventive care or specialty care outpatient visit. Utilize the TRICARE Compare Cost Tool to determine your specific costs for these visits.
Recognizing Signs and Symptoms
Colorectal cancer screenings aim to detect cancer before symptoms manifest. However, it’s crucial to be aware of symptoms such as:
- Change in bowel habits
- Persistent abdominal pain, aches, or cramps
- Diarrhea or constipation
- Unexplained weight loss
- Rectal bleeding or blood in stool
If you experience any of these symptoms, promptly consult your healthcare provider.
Conclusion: Take Action
With a range of screening options available, undergoing screening for colorectal cancer is more accessible than ever. If you’re 45 or older, prioritize scheduling your regular exam. Additionally, educate yourself about other routine cancer screenings tailored to your age, gender, and risk factors.
